March 18, 2020
His Excellency Charles D. Baker
Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
State House, RM 280
Boston, MA 02133
RE: UPDATE #2
Dear Governor Baker:
Thank you for taking proactive steps to address the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19).The decision requiring hospitals to cancel all non-essential elective procedures will free up resources to address confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients and reduce the number of people coming in and out of our hospitals, thereby limiting the spread of the virus. The halt to the closure of the MetroWest Medical Center was also a positive development. As we move forward in this unprecedented time, I wanted to follow up on my letter from last week to let you know what frontline nurses and health care professionals are seeing and experiencing as they care for potentially infected individuals as well as vulnerable patient populations.
What nurses are seeing
The situation in our health care facilities is constantly changing as our public health officials
and frontline caregivers work to meet the increased demand brought on by COVID-19.
While progress is being made, it remains important to provide an honest assessment of wherewe are falling short:
• Health care facilities still do not have enough Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for frontline health care staff and are recommending that nurses reuse PPE without taking the proper safety requirements.
• Tests are still not widely available.
• Potentially infected individuals are presenting at hospitals that are still not equipped to triage, test, and properly treat them in an appropriate setting.
• Nurses continue to be concerned about capacity to treat the potential influx of individuals with COVID-19. After years of closures of beds, units and hospitals, and reductions in frontline health care staff, hospitals lack the space and staff to deal with an unprecedented outbreak of this highly contagious virus. This puts patients, health care workers, and the general public at risk.
What must be done
As the frontline health care staff who are working to provide care for the COVID-19 patients
as well as meet other ongoing patient needs, we call for the following actions:
1. Protect frontline health care workers. Hospitals and other health care employers have the duty and responsibility to protect patients, and staff. All health care staff caring for confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients must be provided with: gloves, gown, fit-tested NIOSH certified disposable N-95 masks, goggles and disposable face shields. This protective clothing should be donned and doffed on location. Additionally, Power Air-Purifying Respirators (PAPRs) are recommended for procedures that are likely to generate respiratory aerosols. Unfortunately, as the CDC has chosen to weaken PPE standards, some Massachusetts health care facilities are following suit, by not providing proper PPE or telling staff to reuse PPE without following strict and proper procedures for that. We have seen from the experience in Italy the high number of health care workers contracting COVID-19 when proper PPE and strict protocols were not maintained. All Massachusetts hospitals must act to limit the number of staff triaging patients by creating or erecting designated triage areas to segregate patients and to help conserve the limited supply of PPE. Health care facilities should also test all staff with exposure to patients who test positive or who are triaging patients with COVID-19 symptoms.
2. Designate specific areas to address suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases. Designated floors with limited access by designated, properly trained and equipped personnel should be in place at every health care facility in order to assure we have a proper location for suspected positive or tested positive patients in need of in-patient care. Isolating confirmed and suspected cases can stop the spread among patients and health care workers. We are encouraged to see that some hospitals are mobilizing to create designated units. Further recommendations include: establishing ante-room triage; designating one or two specific hospitals per geographic area as triage hospitals; designating floors and ICUs specifically for COVID-19 patients or suspected patients as well as designating staff to provide care and services to these floors. This includes everyone from doctors and nurses to housekeeping and food service employees. Creating a fully, self-contained unit designated staff could also reduce the amount of PPE needed.
3. There should be an immediate mobilization of domestic manufacturing of PPE and ventilators. We know there is a shortage of PPE as well as Ventilators. Any and all efforts at the state and national level should be made to increase production.
4. Support frontline health care workers. In order to provide care to patients, health care workers need additional resources at this time, including housing and childcare options. For staff who are caring for patients and cannot return to their home without causing undo risk to household members in a high-risk category, there should be temporary housing provided- such as a designated hotel or dormitory at one of the vacant college campuses. This should also apply to personnel placed on quarantine due to exposure. Health care facilities and the state should create childcare centers for personnel who do not have alternative care arrangements and are needed on the frontlines of this pandemic. Hospital scrubs should be provided to assure personnel are changing out clothes before leaving the area. Finally, these frontline health care workers who become infected with COVID-19 should not have to use their own sick time or paid time off to self-quarantine and recover. We are putting them in the direct path of this novel virus and we should be supporting them in doing so.
5. Halt all bed, unit and facility closures. While we are encouraged by the halt to the MetroWest Medical Center closure, the potential surge in volume of patients with possible exposure to or symptoms of COVID-19 illness still very much has the capacity to overwhelm our health care system As our letter stated last week, this is not a time to be eliminating capacity at our health care facilities. The state should direct health care facilities to halt all planned bed, unit and facility closures. We should instead be looking at ways to increase capacity. Facilities such as Union Hospital, Quincy Medical Center and North Adams Hospital could be re-opened for the designated purpose of treating COVID-19 patients. At this time we should be looking to increase capacity, not reduce it.
6. Halt all staff reductions. Last week, under the powers granted to you and your office under the declaration of a State Emergency (Executive Order No. 591: Declaration of a State of Emergency to Respond to COVID-19) you moved to have the Board of Registration in Nursing (BORN) grant out-of-state nurses a license in Massachusetts in just one day, anticipating the need for additional registered nurses. However, as you did this, Leominster Hospital announced it would continue its plan to reduce its Emergency Department (ED) nurse staff. And just this morning, at least one hospital has announced plans to furlough nurses without pay as a result of the cancelation of non-essential elective surgeries. This is at best counterproductive. This is not the time to be eliminating frontline health care workers. In the coming weeks we will need all of them, and possibly more.
7. Cessation of all elective procedures to free up health care resources. In addition to the directive from the Department of Public Health (DPH) for hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers to postpone or cancel all non-essential, elective invasive procedures until the State of Emergency has ended, clinics and all other health care facilities should follow suit. This would free up personnel needed for other locations and assure all equipment and supplies can be directed to those in need when the inevitable surge in COVID-19 patients arises. Extending this order to all other health care facilities would further reduce the risk of spread, allow for triaging of potential patient needs without inundating EDs, and prevent problems arising from non-essential, elective cases that could take up valuable health care resources needed for COVID-19 patients.
8. Support vulnerable hospitals and health care organizations. We recognize that non-essential elective surgeries are a vital part of how hospitals and health care facilities maintain their bottom line and that canceling them may cause a short-term cash crunch- particularly for vulnerable safety-net hospitals. However, it is necessary to cancel or postpone non-essential elective procedures. And unfortunately, these beds and other resources will not be underutilized for long, as we know that a flood of COVID-19 patients will likely fill them in short order. In the meantime, state and federal officials should do whatever is necessary to keep these resources available. We have heard concerning reports of hospitals and health systems that may need to close or furlough large numbers of health care workers. The state and federal government must make the necessary decisions to provide financial support during this critical phase as we prepare for a surge in our in-patient capacity.
9. Discharge all current inpatients as soon as practicable. Discharging patients who are not positive for or suspected of COVID-19 will free up resources and reduce those individuals potential exposure.
10. Prescreen all individuals presenting at Massachusetts hospitals. Prescreening of all allowed visitors and vendors coming in and out of health care facilities can help to reduce the spread of COVID-19 through that facility.
11. Drive through testing widely available. We are encouraged to hear about drive up testing sites being created around the state. This capability should only increase in the days and weeks ahead.
12. Further curtailing public transportation. The recent announcement that the MBTA will run reduced schedules for buses and trains was welcome news. However, we believe the state should go a step further and shut down all public transportation except for essential personal or individuals cleared to travel, similar to the restrictions imposed during the blizzard of ’78. This would allow those who must use public transportation to do so, while imposing social distancing standards. We understand this will require thoughtful planning for those whose food and other needs will require alternative assistance or distribution mechanisms. Shuttle bus services at health care facilities should also be curtailed to be in compliance with social distancing recommendations and where it must still be used to transport staff, regularly cleaned in compliance with appropriate standards. In lieu of shuttles, parking should be made available at no cost for health care workers wherever possible.
13. Use of National Guard for public transportation areas to assure large public congregation of non-essential personnel is dissuaded. National Guard members should also be posted at hospitals to assure restricted visitation is followed without having to pull direct care staff away from patient care. Unfortunately, we cannot rely on all members of the public to adhere to all directives issued by the state and federal government. Bringing in the National Guard will free up staff resources from having to police these issues.
We will continue to reach out to hospitals to work directly with them, but recognize the
important role your office and state government have to play in mitigating the spread of
COVID-19 while helping to manage the care of those who do become infected as well as
the health care staff who treat them.
Finally, we recognize that this situation is fluid, changing by the day if not the hour. We will continue to be available as a resource as things progress and we look forward to working together in service to the citizens of the Commonwealth.
Thank you.
Donna Kelly-Williams, RN
President, Massachusetts Nurses Association
Cc: Secretary Marylou Sudders
Massachusetts Legislature
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